DataViz Mastery Part 1 - Tree Maps

05 November 2017 — Written by Mubaris NK
#Python#Data Visualization#Tutorial

DataViz Mastery will be a series blog posts which aims to master data visualizations using Python. I am aiming to cover all visualizations in DataViz Project. In this part 1 of the series we will cover how to create Treemaps with Python.

Treemap

Treemaps display hierarchical data as a set of nested rectangles. Each group is represented by a rectangle, which area is proportional to its value. Using color schemes, it is possible to represent several dimensions: groups, subgroups… Treemaps have the advantage to make efficient use of space, what makes them useful to represent a big amount of data.

Examples

Bloomberg Force Awakens

Defense Budget

Third Example

The Code

We will use the data of Star Wars Movie Franchise Revenue from Statistic Brain. squarify is a Python module helps you plot Treemaps with Matplotlib backend. Seaborn is another data visualization library with Matplotlib backend. Seaborn helps you create beautiful visualizations. You can interact with Seaborn in 2 ways.

  1. Activate and Seaborn and Use Matplotlib
  2. Use Seaborn API

Since, Seaborn doesn't have Treemaps API, we will use 1st option.

If you are unfamiliar with Matplotlib, read this my introductory post.

# Data Manipulation
import pandas as pd
# Treemap Ploting
import squarify
# Matplotlib and Seaborn imports
import matplotlib
from matplotlib import style
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
# Activate Seaborn
sns.set()
%matplotlib inline
# Large Plot
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (16.0, 9.0)
# Use ggplot style
style.use('ggplot')

We have imported necessary modules to generate Treemap. Now let's import out dataset.

# Reading CSV file
df = pd.read_csv("starwars-revenue.csv")
# Sort by Revenue
df = df.sort_values(by="Revenue", ascending=False)
# Find Percentage
df["Percentage"] = round(100 * df["Revenue"] / sum(df["Revenue"]), 2)
# Create Treemap Labels
df["Label"] = df["Label"] + " (" + df["Percentage"].astype("str") + "%)"
df
Movie Revenue Label Percentage
6 Episode 7 – The Force Awakens 4068223624 The Force Awakens (37.68%) 37.68
7 Rogue One 2450000000 Rogue One (22.69%) 22.69
0 Episode 1 – The Phantom Menace 924317558 The Phantom Menace (8.56%) 8.56
2 Episode 3 – Revenge of the Sith 848754768 Revenge of the Sith (7.86%) 7.86
3 Episode 4 – A New Hope 775398007 A New Hope (7.18%) 7.18
1 Episode 2 – Attack of the Clones 649398328 Attack of the Clones (6.01%) 6.01
4 Episode 5 – Empire Strikes Back 538375067 Empire Strikes Back (4.99%) 4.99
5 Episode 6 – Return of the Jedi 475106177 Return of the Jedi (4.4%) 4.40
8 The Clone Wars 68282844 The Clone Wars (0.63%) 0.63

That's out dataframe. Now Let's Plot it.

# Get Axis and Figure
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# Our Colormap
cmap = matplotlib.cm.coolwarm
# Min and Max Values
mini = min(df["Revenue"])
maxi = max(df["Revenue"])
# Finding Colors for each tile
norm = matplotlib.colors.Normalize(vmin=mini, vmax=maxi)
colors = [cmap(norm(value)) for value in df["Revenue"]]
# Plotting
squarify.plot(sizes=df["Revenue"], label=df["Label"], alpha=0.8, color=colors)
# Removing Axis
plt.axis('off')
# Invert Y-Axis
plt.gca().invert_yaxis()
# Title
plt.title("Revenue from Star Wars Franchise Movies", fontsize=32)
# Title Positioning
ttl = ax.title
ttl.set_position([.5, 1.05])
# BG Color
fig.set_facecolor('#eeffee')

png

If you want to try different colormap, find a colormap of your choice from Matplotlib Docs and replace 2nd line in this snippet. Now Let's try plotting World's top 10 Billionaires net worth.

# Reading CSV file
df = pd.read_csv("rich.csv")
# Label
df["Label"] = df["Name"] + " - $" + df["Net Worth in Billion $"].astype("str") + "B"
df
Name Net Worth in Billion $ Label
0 Bill Gates 86.0 Bill Gates - $86.0B
1 Warren Buffett 75.6 Warren Buffett - $75.6B
2 Jeff Bezos 72.8 Jeff Bezos - $72.8B
3 Amancio Ortega 71.3 Amancio Ortega - $71.3B
4 Mark Zuckerberg 56.0 Mark Zuckerberg - $56.0B
5 Carlos Slim Helu 54.5 Carlos Slim Helu - $54.5B
6 Larry Ellison 52.2 Larry Ellison - $52.2B
7 Charles Koch 48.3 Charles Koch - $48.3B
8 Davis Koch 48.3 Davis Koch - $48.3B
9 Michael Bloomberg 47.5 Michael Bloomberg - $47.5B
# Change Style
style.use('fivethirtyeight')
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
# Manually Entering Colors
colors = ["#248af1", "#eb5d50", "#8bc4f6", "#8c5c94", "#a170e8", "#fba521", "#75bc3f"]
# Plot
squarify.plot(sizes=df["Net Worth in Billion $"], label=df["Label"], alpha=0.9, color=colors)
plt.axis('off')
plt.gca().invert_yaxis()
plt.title("Net Worth of World's Top 10 Billionaires", fontsize=32, color="Black")
ttl = ax.title
ttl.set_position([.5, 1.05])
fig.set_facecolor('#effeef')

png

That concludes the part 1 of DataViz Mastery. Let me know if you have any questions. In the next DataViz Mastery post we will learn how to create Word Clouds using Python

Checkout this Github Repo for more visualizations.

Data Visualization Books

  1. Storytelling with Data: A Data Visualization Guide for Business Professionals
  2. The Truthful Art: Data, Charts, and Maps for Communication
  3. Data Visualization: a successful design process
  4. Data Visualisation: A Handbook for Data Driven Design
© 2017-2025 Mubaris